Random refers to what is relative or depends on chance, which cannot be predicted. It is a word that derives from the Latin aleatorius, and means “game of chance”, “chance”, “luck”.
Some synonyms that can be used with respect to the random term are: fortuitous, casual, risky, uncertain, random. In English, the translation that can be used for the word random is random.
It should be mentioned that the random term is used to everything that relates to gambling, hence its synonyms also indicate the fortuitous or uncertain.
For example, in the card games the distribution of these is random and therefore it is uncertain for each player how good or bad it can be in the game.
What is random is not certain because it does not have an order and depends on luck, therefore, it is unpredictable and can lead to a risk.
For example, “The exam will have random questions about everything studied in the semester,” “The work groups will be formed randomly.”
Now, since random events cannot be determined before, then, they are analyzed through science using statistics or probability theory in order to obtain a possible result. Random facts are also studied by philosophy.
Simple random
The technique in which all the elements that are part of a universe have the same probability of being selected as a sample is called as simple random or simple random sampling.
However, the elements of the universe can be selected more than once in the sample, in those cases we speak of a simple random sample with replacement or without replacement.
If replenishment is used, an item can be selected more than once. Otherwise, the item can only be selected once for the sample.
The most common example may be the draw of numbers that are entered in an urn and are drawn randomly and announcing the winning numbers.
Random experiment
Randomized experiments are those that contain a set of initial conditions, the possible results can be known, however, they cannot be predicted or certain of what will happen.
For example, when a dice is rolled, it is known that any number between 1 and 6 can be output, but when it is rolled, it is not known which number will come out. These experiments are studied through probability theory.
Random contract
The random contract is a bilateral legal act in which the signatory parties agree that in one of the benefits it is subject to the events that may occur in the future, in a random manner, without what happened being considered as a condition that annuls the contract.
For example, when a medical insurance contract is signed.
